I know they have better physical fitness, but can anyone explain this in a more scientific way?
Someone who is NOT an athlete will have a heart that is more out of shape than an athlete. Therefore let's say both an athlete and a non athlete are on treadmills side byu side, each one doing 4 miles per hour. The athlete's heart is not having to work nearly as hard to pump the blood needed to keep up the exertion of the fast walk. The non athlete though, his heart is working VERY hard to get the same amount of blood to his organs. His heart HAS to pump faster to keep up with the athlete. Let's say the non athlete reaches 140 beats per minute (bpm), and says "To heck with it, I quit." after 10 minutes. The athlete however, at that same point, his heart rate is only 100 bpm. He may have to walk another 10 minutes to reach the same heart rate. Basically, the whole thing is about oxygen delivery.
Why do athletes have to excercise longer than a normal person to achieve a maximum heart rate?
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it is just like most of them could also run longer…
the heart is a muscle, and being an athlete they have worked the muscle more, which provides endurance.
References :
Someone who is NOT an athlete will have a heart that is more out of shape than an athlete. Therefore let's say both an athlete and a non athlete are on treadmills side byu side, each one doing 4 miles per hour. The athlete's heart is not having to work nearly as hard to pump the blood needed to keep up the exertion of the fast walk. The non athlete though, his heart is working VERY hard to get the same amount of blood to his organs. His heart HAS to pump faster to keep up with the athlete. Let's say the non athlete reaches 140 beats per minute (bpm), and says "To heck with it, I quit." after 10 minutes. The athlete however, at that same point, his heart rate is only 100 bpm. He may have to walk another 10 minutes to reach the same heart rate. Basically, the whole thing is about oxygen delivery.
References :